Two-photon polymerization (TPP) and direct laser writing (DLW) techniques utilise focused ultrashort laser pulses to induce highly localised photochemical reactions in photosensitive materials, ...

Researchers developed a new optimized printing approach that could enable super-resolution 3D direct laser writing (DLW) of microlenses, photonics crystals, micro-optical devices, metamaterials and ...

(a) Schematic of the laser direct-writing system. (b) Vertical view of the cantilever of the SNOM tip. (c) Details of the pyramid tip structure and three-dimensional (3D) multiphysics model in the ...

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a three-dimensional integrated multichannel waveguide grating filter: (a) 1:1 planar beam splitter, (b) 1:1 three-dimensional beam splitter, (c) waveguide gratings ...