Earth's crust ranges from 5 to 70 kilometers in thickness and serves as the planet's outermost layer. This thin shell represents less than one percent of Earth's total mass, yet it's the only layer we ...

There is more to Earth than what we can see on the surface. Both the exterior and interior regions of the planet are made up of many layers with various properties. These layers are formed because of ...

Water gushes through dark, craggy rocks on the shore. A massive water reservoir is hidden deep beneath the ocean floor off the coast of New Zealand — and it may explain why the region experiences slow ...

Researchers at Göttingen University have uncovered new evidence that some of Earth’s most precious metals began their journey far deeper than once thought. Working with volcanic rocks from ocean ...

(Left) Schematic illustration of a kink structure. (Center) Kink bands observed in mudstone near Fort Island, Rhode Island. (Right) Large-scale kink structure in Southern California, USA. Your first ...

Scientists have long wondered what lies at the very center of the Earth, and the latest research is putting weight behind a theory that our planet has a distinct ball of iron within its metallic core.

In 2025, scientists discovered that gold is escaping from Earth's core and the world's oldest rocks may be located in Quebec, ...

The Earth with the upper mantle revealed. Researchers at The University of Texas at Austin have discovered a previously unknown layer of partly molten rock in a key region just below the tectonic ...